The sphenoid bone is the most complex bone of the human body. Its name is derived from the greek sphenoeides, to mean wedgeshaped. Group names abdiwadud ahmed karama abdiaziz abdirashid ahmed said abdalle abdirahman group 4 presentaion 2 3. It makes up most of the middle part of the base of the skull and contributes to the floor of the middle cranial fossa of the skull. Dec 22, 2009 craniofacial structures are affected in 25%30% of patients with fibrous dysplasia, most commonly involving the frontal bone, followed by the sphenoid and ethmoid bones. The sphenoid sinus, foramen rotundum and vidian canal scielo. Body is a nearly cubicalshaped bone creates the middle part of the sphenoid bone called the body or the corpus shenoidale. Sphenoid bone is made up of several projections and features, allowing you to view it in many different ways in the skull. The sphenoid bone is one of the seven bones that articulate to form the orbit. Clinical anatomy and physiology of the visual system third edition, 2012. Skull anatomy anatomy bones nursing school notes cranial nerves medical anatomy human anatomy and physiology cranial anatomy medical terminology medical coding. In this article, we shall look at the anatomy of the sphenoid bone its location, structure, and clinical significance. Bhanu prakash usmle, fmge and neet pg 32,870 views 3.
Click on the tags below to find other quizzes on the same subject. The sphenoid bone has many important arterial and venous relationships. Herein, we report on a case in which the disease was located within the sphenoid bone. Computed tomography ct and magnetic resonance mr are used to illustrate developmen tal changes and normal anatomy. Sphenoid bone definition of sphenoid bone by medical. It makes up most of the middle part of the base of the skull and contributes to the floor of the middle cranial fossa of the skull the soft tissue structures such are the cranial nerves and parts of the brain are associated with this bone and have intense relations to it. The sphenoid bone is one of the eight bones that make up the cranium the superior aspect of the skull that encloses and protects the brain its name is derived from the greek sphenoeides, to mean wedgeshaped. The soft tissue structures such are the cranial nerves and parts of the brain are associated. The greater wings of the sphenoid are two strong processes of bone, which arise from the sides of the body, and are curved upward, laterally, and backward. Because of its shape, it is also known as the wasp bone. Sphenoid bone batlike, butterflylike, keystone bone in the middle of the cranium. The vomer is situated on top of both the palatines and the maxillae. The sphenoid bone has a central body, paired greater and lesser wings that extend laterally from the body of the sphenoid, and two pterygoid processes descending from.
Anatomy and pathology of the skull base, ct and mri imaging. The sphenoid bone is an unpaired bone of the neurocranium. Sphenoid bone sella turcica note the upper part of the ethmoid bone in the floor of the cranial cavity. Aug 26, 2017 the sphenoid bone is a perfect junction for attachment of muscles which help in chewing food. May 11, 2020 the sphenoid bone is the most complex bone of the human body. The sphenoid bone is a single bone, the body of which lies in the midline and articulates with the occipital bone and the temporal bones to form the base of the cranium. The ct anatomy of the bony canals, foramina and fissures that run through the sphenoid bone or run along its borders must be known. Alae articulate and end with the sphenoid bone forming a heartshaped feature. It consists of two sphenoidal air sinuses, separated with. The sphenoid bone is a large, complex, unpaired bone forming the central parts of the anterior and central skull base. The lower portion of the bone articulates with the mandible, forming the temporomandibular joint of the jaw. The sphenoid bone is an unpaired pneumatic irregular bone, situated at the base of the skull, and wedged between the frontal and ethmoid bones in front, basiocciput and petrous part of temporal bones behind, and squamous part of temporal bone on each side. The sphenoid bone has a central body, paired greater and lesser wings that extend laterally from the body of the sphenoid. Mr and ct findings of cyst degeneration of sphenoid bone in.
Pdf surgical anatomy and physiology for the skull base. Osteoblastoma is a rare boneforming neoplasm accounting for less than 1% of primary bone tumors. The sphenoid bone is situated at the base of the skull in front of the temporals and basilar part of the occipital. Osteoblastoma is also referred to as an osteoblastic osteoid tissueforming tumor, giant osteoid osteoma, benign osteoblastoma, osteogenic. Its shape somewhat resembles that of a butterfly or bat with its wings extended. This portion of the temporal bone is located posteriorly. The sphenoid bone also sphenoidal bone, sphenoid, latin. Sphenoid bone article about sphenoid bone by the free. The model comprises 18 elements corresponding to the natural bones. The sphenoid bone is one of the eight bones that make up the cranium the superior aspect of the skull that encloses and protects the brain. The ethmoid bone consists of several projections and features.
Features of the superior and posterior aspects of the sphenoid bone. The sphenoid bone joins the orbit and facial region with the cranial convexity and the skull base. Sphenoid bone primarily consists of a centrally positioned body, which surrounds and protects the pituitary gland, and two sets of lateral, winglike. Anatomy head anatomy bones skull anatomy brain anatomy medical anatomy human anatomy and physiology body anatomy anatomy study anatomy organs sphenoid bone, hyper control and surrendering. It consists of only one bone that cuts via the middle sagittal face and facilitates the link between the facial skeleton and the skull. The anatomy of the bony canals, foramina and fissures that run through the sphenoid bone or run along its borders must be known. Sphenoid bone definition of sphenoid bone by medical dictionary.
It somewhat resembles a bat with its wings extended, and is divided into a median portion or body, two great and two small wings extending outward from the sides of the body, and two pterygoid processes which project from it below. The sphenoid sinuses are located in the sphenoid bone near the optic nerve and the pituitary gland on the side of the skull. Feb 22, 2017 ethmoid bone anatomy head and neck animated osteology mbbs, fmge and neet pg duration. Here are your notes on the sphenoid bone of human skull.
Sphenoid pattern and fixing it with koren specific technique technique by tedd koren, d. Craniofacial structures are affected in 25%30% of patients with fibrous dysplasia, most commonly involving the frontal bone, followed by the sphenoid and ethmoid bones. Sphenoid bone greater wing lesser wing sphenoid body medial pterygoid plate lateral pterygoid plate superior orbital fissure. Sphenoid bone lies at the base of the skull in front of petrous part of temporal bone and basilar part of occipital bone. Skull anatomy the neurosurgical atlas, by aaron cohen. Understanding of the sphenoid bone anatomical relationships is central to the expanded endonasal approaches to the skull base. The bones pdf class videos for anatomy and environmental.
Ten of the twelve pair of ribs attach to cartilages, the costal cartilages, which attach to the sternum. The neural relationships of the sphenoid bone are among the most complex of any bone. Grays anatomy, revised american, from the 15th english ed. Skull cranial skeleton neurocranium calarvia frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital cranial base facial skeleton viscerocranium skull 2. Isnt it the most interestinglooking bone youve ever seen. Bone windows osseous disease prostate cancer with metastic disease to the left petrous bone and clivus prostate and often breast cancer metastases result in sclerotic lesions that have higher density, due to increased osteoblastic activity in the bone. There is a printable worksheet available for download here so you can take the quiz with pen and paper. Oliver wendell homes 18091894, opening anatomy lecture at harvard medical school dont know what holmes was complaining about. For osteoblastoma, with its predilection for the spinal column and appendicular skeleton, the skull is an unusual site, and paranasal sinus involvement is very rare. Ethmoid sinus head brain routine scans of the brain usually begin at the base of the. See more ideas about anatomy and physiology, human anatomy and physiology and anatomy. The authors aimed to characterize neuroimaging and intraoperative variations in the sagittal and coronal surgical. Above the external acoustic meatus, there is a groove on the external surface of the bone for the middle temporal artery. Choose from 500 different sets of sphenoid bone anatomy flashcards on quizlet.
Its external surface is smooth and slightly convex. Skull cranial skeleton neurocranium facial skeleton. A considerable degree of variability exists in the anatomy of the sphenoid sinus, sella turcica, and surrounding skull base structures. Sphenoid bone location structure function teachmeanatomy. Apart from the cranium frontal, parietal, occipital and sphenoid bones, the bones of the viscerocranium ethmoid bone, vomer, palatine bone, zygomatic bone, maxilla and mandible and the inferior nasal concha can be remo. Ethmoid bone anatomy head and neck animated osteology mbbs, fmge and neet pg duration. It articulates with the adjacent temporal, parietal, frontal, occipital, ethmoid, zygomatic, palatine, and vomer bones and its intricate microanatomy includes numerous foramina.
The temporal bone contributes to the lower lateral walls of the skull. Its external surface is related to the temporal, infratemporal, and pterygopalatine fossa. A compound bone with winglike processes, situated at the base of the skull. It spans eight compartments of the head the orbital region, nasal cavity, middle cranial fossa, temporal fossa, pterygopalatine fossa, pharyx, and the base of the skull. The sphenoid bone is an unpaired bone situated in the middle of the cranial base.
Anatomy in this paper, the anatomy of the sphenoid bone and surrounding and associated structures is described. Dec 12, 2017 ethmoid bone anatomy head and neck animated osteology mbbs, fmge and neet pg duration. There are seven bones that form the orbit eye socket, and the. Mr and ct findings of cyst degeneration of sphenoid bone. This site is made for year 2 medical students or the like. Bhanu prakash usmle, fmge and neet pg 33,204 views 3.
It consists of a body, paired greater wings and lesser wings, and. The development of the skull cap and the lateral sections of the fossa are assisted by the sphenoid bone. The first is the mastoid process, an inferior projection of bone, palpable just behind the ear. In this article, we shall look at the different parts of the temporal bone, their articulations, and any. It presents in young patients and develops most often in the long bones of the extremities, the talus and posterior elements of the spine.
However, when compared with the sphenoid bone it is difficult to observe from various sides of the cranium. Search help in finding sphenoid bone online quiz version. The squamous part is the anterior superior portion of the temporal bone that forms the lateral part of the middle cranial fossa. Pdf surgical anatomy and physiology for the skull base surgeon. Mar 17, 2017 alae articulate and end with the sphenoid bone forming a heartshaped feature. On a lateral view of the temporal bone, such as figure 1. Learn sphenoid bone anatomy with free interactive flashcards. Bones seen here which contribute to the boundaries of the nasal cavity. It is situated in the middle of the skull towards the front, in front of the basilar part of the occipital bone. Surgical anatomy and physiology for the skull base surgeon article pdf available in operative techniques in otolaryngologyhead and neck surgery 223. The sphenoid bone is said to be shaped like a butterfly or a wasp, which occupies most of the middle part o.
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